Friday, July 4, 2014

ETFs in India - Where they are and what to expect?

Why equity exchange-traded funds attract few investors in India.

Despite the potential to grow, ETF in India are slowly losing its relevance as active fund management still outperforms ETF in returns as well as on risk parameters

Mukesh Chothani, president at Investment Consultant Association in Nashik, some 170 km away from Mumbai doesn’t market, exchange traded fund (ETFs) to investors. The reason: Simple it doesn’t pay. Says Chothani, “Unlike equity mutual fund we do not get anything in an ETF. In Nashik the total investment market is about Rs 2,000 crore and ETFs investment is about Rs 50 crore. Among the clients whom I advise, about 1 per cent of the AUM is in the ETF segment.”

Cut to Aashish Somaiyaa, CEO and MD of Motilal Oswal Mutual Fund himself believes in parking his money in active funds than passive funds. Somaiyaa says, “I would personally prefer to invest in an active fund driven by a philosophy I understand, and agree to.” It’s interesting because it comes from a fund house that started from selling ETF funds to investors and today has changed their marketing strategy by selling active mutual funds. The reason being lack of interest in ETF’s in India.

Players like Chothani sells ETF to clients where he is sure that they would pay him an advisory fee. It’s not just Chothani but the trend is similar across Nashik and in the country and the number says it all.

The ETF space in the Indian mutual fund industry has a meagre share of 0.5 per cent of the equity asset under management (AUM) till the launch of GS CPSE Exchange Traded Scheme. After the GS CPSE ETS had garnered Rs 3395 crore, the share of the ETF/ETS in the equity space has risen to 2.45 per cent. Compared globally the ETF industry continues to grow, as investors and traders around the world become more familiar with the unique features of ETFs. According to E&Y, at the end of October 2013, from 215 providers on 58 exchanges.

Why is the ETF market small in India?

Awareness about ETFs is currently very limited. Maximum awareness is about the gold ETFs due to the popularity. Vishal Dhawan, Chief Financial Planner at Plan Ahead, an investment advisory firm, says, “Since a large number of ETFs are based on equity indices, and equities as an asset class has seen very limited participation from investors in the last few years, ETFs have naturally not got much attention.” He expects that as equity markets start to get enhanced participation, ETFs would become more popular as well.

Adds Rohit Shah, a SEBI registered Investment Adviser based out of Mumbai, “Indian savers love fixed deposits and real estate, they don't yet understand how ETFs can be leveraged in one's portfolio. Another reason is internationally ETFs are low cost products. In India, with AMC expenses, brokerage, securities transaction tax (STT), Demat charges, the ETFs aren’t attractive and the cost structure are very much similar with actively managed funds.”

Everyone accepts that the ETF market is not deep in India because there are less institutional investors in India who are using it as an investment vehicle. Vineet Arora, Head – Product Distribution at ICICI Securities says, “ETFs are not on the approved list of many institutional investors, even the IRDA has recently allowed insurance companies to invest in ETFs.” Meanwhile Vinod Jain, Founder of Jain Investment points that the institutional market is not deep in India as pension funds hardly invest in the Indian stock market.

“With the latest effort of the market regulator to bring in more transparency and shift the business model towards fee or advisory based structure rather than the commission based model, the ETFs will witness new demand from the retail investors as financial advisors would be recommending the product more often, considering ETFs are cheaper in cost and the advisor will look into the asset allocation for the investors,” says Aashish Somaiyaa, CEO and MD of Motilal Oswal Mutual Fund.  Adds Chothani, “In India we need to decide if ETFs will be promoted as an investment product or as a trading product.”

On the performance front, ETFs lag the active funds anywhere between 200 to 500 basis points. Interestingly, active funds have delivered higher returns on back of low risk. On an average the active funds enjoyed a beta (it measures volatility compared to the index) of 0.8 compared to a one of ETFs. (See: The performance differential --Active V/s Passive)

So should investors in India consider ETFs?

Experts believe otherwise. Investors should consider ETFs for the passive part of their portfolio, wherein they are looking for a passively managed lower cost solution. “International ETFs like the MOSL NASDAQ, GS Hang Seng Bees are other options that one can consider,” says Dhavan.

“This depends upon one's investment objectives, duration and current asset allocation. Since over a long period of time, ETFs can save on costs and therefore we normally recommend exposure of around 10 to 15 per cent exposure to ETFs subject to various factors,” says Shah.

There has been a raging debate on whether in a growing economy like India one should choose passive funds. PVK Mohan – Head Equity Principal PNB AMC believes that active fund manager is the choice to go for investors. “If I see the BSE mid-cap today, the FIIs own about 15 per cent of the index, the same thing 3 or 4 years ago was about 9 per cent. This tells you the interest. So the Alpha (measure of returns) generation potential continues in the near term. Over the next 4-5 years the alpha returns in India will be high, hence active fund management will be a better choice of funds.”

With the ETF segment being open to institutional investors like life insurance and pension funds, the segment has potential to grow and evolve. Investors, especially retail would be better-off investing in active funds than ETFs.


(This is the submission draft. The story had appeared in June issue of Money Today. You can read the final version Click here or copy paste the given below link--  

http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/why-equity-exchange-traded-funds-unpopular-in-india/1/206320.html)

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